Theories of Surplus Value

“The 'fourth volume' of 'Capital': Marx's critical history of political economy from the Physiocrats to the vulgar economists of his own day. He follows his predecessors' attempts to explain where profit and rent come from — Quesnay's 'net product,' Adam Smith's two theories of value and his productive and unproductive labour, Ricardo's great achievement and its contradictions, Malthus's apology for the landlords — and the decay of the classical school into apologetics.”